They don’t necessarily see *more* colors, but the additional cone cells in a mantis shrimp help them *differentiate* colors better. When your prey is well camouflaged this can be important. It’s hard for our human eyes to tell grasshopper green from grass green, but some of their primary predators are much better at this.
Some birds also use seem to cones that extend into the near UV that we can’t see to track insects. Insect exoskeletons are more reflective in the UV spectrum.
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