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In: Biology
Rats are small and reproduce relatively quickly. If you want to test something on 100 rats you need a lab room, if you want to test it on 100 pigs (a much better analog to humans) you need an entire large building. You can also pick a rat up and inject something into it, but injecting a pig is a whole ordeal.
Rats are easy, and due to how often they are used we have a good understanding of how they react to various things which can save duplicating effort in some cases.
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