To fire a gun you need to eject the spent cartridge, load a new one, fire and repeat
by having multiple spinning barrels, each can be in a different step of the firing process, there will always be one barrel ready to fire, this greatly increases firing speed, as you don’t have to wait for the gun to be ready to fire, since you have another barrel already loaded.
The spinning action performs the loading and firing by means of a set of cams that actuate each barrel independently
As the barrels fire only at one relatively precise position in the rotation, it’s more accurate and consistant than separate machine guns
Edit: Many people seem say that the reason is heat, which isn’t wrong, but it’s mainly because the heat is distributed over more barrels rather than the fact it’s spinning
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