In the US at least I believe this is by law – public buildings must have doors that open out so that they will not be inadvertently “barricaded” by a rush of people trying to exit.
In decades past there were a number of incidents with panicking mobs fleeing fires or some other mob action that crushed people against inward-opening doors.
Homes go with the opposite so that the hinges are inside the home, safe from weathering and more secure.
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