Why do rockets have to hit the atmosphere at an angle on reentry to not burn up?

Question

I remember this from Apollo 13, they had to hit the atmosphere at an angle, if they came in too directly they’d burn up. My stupid layman thought is that I’d want to come in directly because if the atmosphere is making me burn up I’d want to take the directest and shortest route to landing so that there’s less atmosphere to burn me up. Obviously that’s not how it works, why not

In: Planetary Science

Answer 1

The craft can only take so much braking at once. The heat is directly related to how fast it’s slowing down. Hence, you want as long a braking distance as possible to not overheat. You get that by entering at an angle.