Its not about the sensor “the camera”, its about lenses. On a dslr or mirrorless camera, you can change out lenses and adjust a lens because you have the depth to move the optics around. Photographers only have 1 “camera” but many different types of lens which bends light in different ways to create different properties like zoom and warping. Sometimes you want a wide lens which captures a wide area, other times you want a narrow lens that focuses on something closely. You can change this by moving a lens closer or further from the camera, or by switching to a different shape of lens. In a phone this isnt really an option due to thinness so there are several sensors with different types of lens properties to accomodate different styles of photography.
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