The way I always understood it wasn’t really that they were larger infinities, but that the rate that they increased was faster between different sets of numbers.
So if you’re comparing whole numbers to whole numbers plus all the fractions of numbers between the whole numbers, the one with the fractions will increase a lot faster.
It’s been a really long time since I took a math class though so I could be wrong. But when talking about limits in calculus this is how I understood it.
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