In addition to the drafting that others have mentioned, positioning affects how far you actually run in a race. The outside lane of a 400m track [is actually about 450m](https://runhive.com/tools/running-track-lane-distances). On the flip side, outer lanes probably have less traffic in a pack race, so it’s easier to go outside to pass. If you were just running alone for time and distance the inside lane is faster and shorter, but in a pack you have to make decisions based on how folks are positioning.
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