It’s left over from when humans had more hair. They are caused by contractions of miniscule muscles that are attached to each hair. The contractions cause a shallow area on the skin which causes the surrounding area to protrude. In animals with thick coats this makes the expand the layer of air that serves as insulation. But in humans getting goosebumps is useless since we don’t have a fur coat.
In addition to the cold some animals hair will stand on end when they feel threatened so that they look bigger to hopefully make the threat back off. So humans to get this reaction during emotional situations not just scary.
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