very glib, short version:
sap is basically pure suger, things trapped in amber have the water “sucked out” as it dries and crystalizes, it seals the object in, in an area thats is 100% dehydrated, therefore all bacterial life is dead, and as the object is dead, viruses cant use it to replicate, therefore nothing can break down the object until the amber is broken and air and water can reach the object. if things are too big or have too much water, life finds a way and the object rots.
TL;DR: Shits basically mummified, yo.
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