Here is how I understand the mechanic of the optical mouse. An optical mouse uses an optical part (LED or infrared light) to capture the surface beneath. It does this process multiple times per second, then calculates how far and fast it has moved and finally transforms to a coordinate of the cursor on the screen. But why it cannot work if I lift the mouse up and move along (not touch) a surface? Is it hard to process the images in that way or is it not friendly to users?
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If you’ve ever used any kind of lens (perhaps in corrective eye wear, binoculars, cameras, telescopes, magnifying glasses, or microscopes) you will find out that only things located a very specific distance away will ever be “in focus” at any given time. To focus what you see through the lens, you have to tinker with the distance between the thing being looked at, the lens, and the “eye”.
An optical computer mouse contains a lens that’s carefully calibrated so that a flat surface directly underneath the mouse is in focus. Changing where the table is relative to the mouse (i.e. moving it farther away from the table) makes everything out of focus, and it stops being able to see anything clearly.
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