Why does music (especially cinematic, grand, or inspirational ones) trigger goosebumps?

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Was just listening to Hans Zimmer’s Time, which inspired this question.

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Chatgpt says….
Music has the ability to evoke powerful emotional and physiological responses in humans, and the experience of getting goosebumps while listening to music is one such response. Goosebumps, scientifically known as piloerection or cutis anserina, are small raised bumps on the skin that occur when tiny muscles called arrector pili contract and cause hairs to stand on end. This physical response is a vestigial reflex inherited from our animal ancestors and serves various purposes, such as generating heat or making an animal appear larger when threatened.

In the context of music, goosebumps are often associated with intense emotional reactions. When we listen to music that we find particularly moving, beautiful, or emotionally charged, it can trigger a release of neurotransmitters like dopamine, which are associated with pleasure and reward. This release of neurotransmitters can create a physiological response that includes the contraction of the arrector pili muscles, resulting in goosebumps.

The specific reasons why certain musical passages or genres can elicit goosebumps can vary from person to person. However, there are some common factors that contribute to this phenomenon. Here are a few:

1. Emotional resonance: Music has the power to tap into our emotions and convey a wide range of feelings. Certain melodies, harmonies, or lyrics can resonate deeply with our personal experiences, memories, or aspirations, creating a strong emotional response that manifests as goosebumps.

2. Musical tension and release: Music often utilizes tension and release techniques, such as building up anticipation and then resolving it. These dynamic shifts can create a sense of climax or resolution, leading to an intense emotional reaction and goosebumps.

3. Unexpected or surprising elements: Music that incorporates unexpected or novel elements, such as sudden key changes, intricate harmonies, or unexpected pauses, can catch our attention and stimulate our senses. These surprises can trigger a heightened emotional response and goosebumps.

4. Cultural and social conditioning: Our personal experiences, cultural background, and social context shape our musical preferences and associations. If we have been exposed to certain genres or specific songs that have cultural or personal significance, they may have a greater potential to evoke goosebumps due to their emotional and nostalgic connections.

It’s important to note that not everyone experiences goosebumps while listening to music, and the intensity of the response can vary. Furthermore, individual preferences, mood, and the overall context in which the music is experienced can influence the likelihood of experiencing goosebumps.

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