Retirement Accounts are used for tax deference. You put in pre-tax money now, and you tax it later. Ideally, the money you’re putting in now is money that would be in a higher tax bracket now, but comes out in a lower tax bracket later (in addition to making interest on all that pre-tax money).
But if you just allowed unlimited contributions, then people could put away a LOT of pre-tax money. The government still wants some of that income tax now, so they set limits on how much you can deposit at once.
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