When things are louder it creates an atmosphere of suspense and action which is why during scenes with action the music will be loud.
When the characters are talking there might not be something action-packed on screen so there’s no need to have it as loud as what it can be.
In audio, a dynamic range of loud sections, compared to their quieter counterparts, add emphasis.
This could come down to 2 things.
If you are watching a movie with surround sound on stereo speakers or on headphones, the device you are using will combine all 6 or 8 channels into 2. Things that should sound a certain way on a surround system might sound different in stereo. For instance, the center speaker usually takes care of voices while the other ones play the music and background effects. Mixing all of this together properly is a tricky thing. If it’s done improperly you could end up with the surround effects/music being very loud while voice is quiet
If you are watching a movie with the original audio (like at the cinema) then how loud things are and how they sound are decided by people whose only job is to tweak the different sounds in movies to make sure they are realistic, clear, appropriate and impactful as to follow the directors vision. This might include making music louder during an action scene
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