If the Sun turned into a black hole right now, the force of gravity with which it is pulling the Earth towards itself would remain the same.
Gravity pulls you towards the center of mass of the object you are being pulled towards.
How hard gravity pulls on you depends on how heavy the other object is and how close you are to its center of mass.
Black holes dont pull any harder per how much they weigh than regular stars.
But you are limited in how close you can get to the center of mass of a star because of how big the star is. You will hit the surface of the star while you are still a hundreds of thousands of miles away from the center of the star.
Black holes are small, which allows you to be much closer to the center of mass of something as heavy as a star. The mass of the star is the same but it got squished into such a small ball that you are only 20 or so miles away from its center of mass when you touch the surface.
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