Most answers here are pretty good, sleep and unconsciousness are very different in terms of what’s happening in the brain. I’d just like to add that there have been studies in the last few years into the drug dexmedetomidine (Precedex). It’s already used as an anesthetic and for ICU sedation, however new data have shown it potentially has some sleep-mimicking affects on the brain. Admittedly, we know very little about how sleep and unconsciousness really work, as well as how dexmedetomidine can affect sleep. But it’s a very interesting area of study that seems to show some promise!
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