No it’s not arbitrary.
All operations all just different and handy ways to add. And addition is a way to group things and count them.
So in order to calculate you must reduce everything to additions. And in order to reduce everything to additions you just start doing the most complicated things first.
So 3×2+2(1+3) = 3+3+1+3+1+3 = 16.
That’s it.
3^2 + 2×3+4/2 = 3×3+3+3+4×1/2 = 3+3+3+3+3+1/2+1/2+1/2+1/2=19
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