imagine you have a briefcase, and it has two spots to attach a standard padlock. You attach a padlock you have and lock it, keeping the key. Then you send the briefcase to the other person, the other person doesnt touch your lock, but instead attaches their own padlock and locks it, keeping their key. Then they send it back to you.
You now have a briefcase with two locks. You unlock your padlock, then send it back to the other person. they unlock their padlock, and now they can access the contents.
This is a basic understanding of encryption.
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