Heat gets in as light.
Glass is transparent to light.
The light hits the stuff inside: soil, plants etc and heat them up.
The ground and the plants inside the glasshouse are in contact with the air inside the glasshouse.
The air heats up inside the glasshouse.
The air is trapped in the glasshouse and can’t get out easily.
A bit escapes and a bit of the heat gets transferred to the glass panes and from there to the outside air, but more heat is trapped than would be if there was no glass in the way.
TL;DR: The heat gets in a different way then it would get out and the glass allows the way in (light) but not the way out (air movement).
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