Air is a poor conductor of heat. I wouldn’t recommend it, but you can stick your hand into a 120 C oven for a few seconds and be totally fine whereas putting your hand into 100 C (boiling) water would cause serious injury. Water is a much better conductor of heat.
Conductivity is basically just a measure of how quickly one object can transfer heat to another.
An example on the cold end: dry ice is really really cold (-78 C) but can be handled briefly with nitrile exam gloves without causing any damage or even any significant discomfort.
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