I often see on clothes, bags, sheets, etc. a few % of polyester in the cotton cloth label. What does this mean and why do they do it? Are they weaving one out of every few strands out of polyester? Or is the fiber itself made of a few % polyester in composition? And what does it do for the cloth?
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Sometimes it’s just the stitching that’s synthetic. That way you won’t have bunching up when the garment shrinks.
Story time. I once bought a pair of jeans that I thought were 100% cotton. I was in college and I borrowed someone’s travel iron so I could iron the jeans before I went out. I didn’t want the jeans to get a “sheen” from the iron so I turned the pants inside out. The iron had two settings – on and off, and it just kept getting hotter and hotter. It melted the synthetic stitching on the inside but I didn’t know. When I put them on and went out for the night I realized the jeans were literally falling apart as I wore them! Of course I hurried home. The pants were ruined.
Because poly is spun in long threads it allows for shorter cotton fibers to be used. 100% cotton threads need long fibers to make a strong, thin thread or you end up with lots of pilling (pilling is all those short ends that stick out getting rolled up together from friction). So it’s a cost effective measure, as well as reducing wrinkles and shrinkage that 100% cotton fabrics are prone to, as others have said.
100% cotton isn’t very feasible for daily wear. It shrinks, not as durable as poly-cotton, needs way more ironing than the blends etc.
When you blend polyester and cotton you get a stronger, less shrink-prone, more durable and longer lasting cloth that requires very minimal or maybe even zero ironing.
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