They aren’t both made of concrete, streets are (generally) paved with asphalt, and asphalt is SLIGHTLY softer/squishier.
So there’s the theory that it’s better than running on actual concrete.
But in reality I think it would have more to do with the fact that streets are often much smoother/more even than sidewalks. Where side walks have tree roots, curbs, driveways. Etc etc.
Most running injuries aren’t from the surface being hard, they’re from poor form/overuse. Putting too much stress on the joint.
And the uneven and choppy pace you might have to take when avoiding bumps and cracks and roots and curbs on the sidewalk could be what causes you to take a misstep or over extend and cause an injury.
Im assuming by your explanation that asphalt isnt used for your streets.
This theory comes from sidewalks being concrete (rock and glue essentially) and roads being made of asphalt (tar and gravel). Tar is more springy compared to dried glue so it absorbs more impact from your stride instead of returning the full energy straight back into your legs.
VERY ROUGH comparison: Think bumper car versus brick wall. If you collide in a bumper car, youre not likely to suffer injury. If you run headfirst into a brick wall, youre definitely going to suffer injury.
The difference is minimal. The major factor is your running form, shoes, biology and how intense your loading is. If you’re getting knee problems I guarantee it’s little to do with concrete versus a bituminous surface. Cross country running is more demanding on joints and shins than concrete due to the change in profile.
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