It’s the time it takes to encode and decode digital television.
Let’s say you have an announcer in a studio talking to a reporter in the field. The reporter sees and hears the announcer through a video path, probably through an internet connection. The announcer video and audio is encoded (that can take a second or 2), then it’s transmitted through the internet to the reporter’s location, where it’s decoded so the reporter can see and hear the announcer. That can also take a second or 2. Then the reporter replies to the announcer’s question. That video and audio has to be encoded for transport through the internet (another second or 2) and then decoded at the other end so the announcer can see and hear and added to the broadcast. That takes another second or 2. Total that all up, you get 4 to 8 seconds delay.
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