Why is the replacement level for population considered 2.1 and not 2?

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I understand that many women will not have kids or will have only one kid, or that child mortality is involved but still a fertility rate of 2 means that ON AVERAGE every woman will have 2 kids. This means that every woman and man will be replaced, including the children that die young if the rate of 2 lasts (the newborn females will also have on average two kids). So why isn’t a fertility rate of 2 enough to replace the population?

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Anonymous 0 Comments

Even if every child born reaches maturity and have 2 offspring of their own, you will have a stagnant population. 1:1 parent:child does not allow for population growth. Having more children is ultimately necessary for continued population growth which under fiat style capitalism, is required.

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