Why is/was having the high ground in battle so advantageous?

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My thinking is that surely being able to be seen from a distance away isn’t an advantage.

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Anonymous 0 Comments

You can only see the top of the hill, you cannot see what’s behind it, meaning there could be an ambush waiting for you. Meanwhile those on the high ground can see all around, meaning they can’t get snuck up on. Additionally, anyone who wants to fight them has to walk uphill, or worse, climb. While they’re struggling to do that, the ones with the high ground can shoot them, just keep shooting arrows or bolts or javelins or rocks or burning hot water/tar/sand. Once you actually get to hand-to-hand combat, the high ground advantage stops being as meaningful, and it can go either way depending on other factors.

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