why it’s common to have 87-octane gasoline in the US but it’s almost always 95-octane in Europe?
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Mostly because the USA and Europe don’t measure octane the same way.
Europe uses RON or the “Research Octane Number” which is measured by running an engine under controlled conditions.
In contrast the US uses the AKI or “Anti-Knock Index” which is an average of the RON and MON, the “Motor Octane Number” which uses a similar test engine to RON, but operates it under different standardized conditions.
Roughly speaking:
87 AKI = 91 RON
91 AKI = 93 RON
93 AKI = 98 RON
100 AKI = 104 RON
104 AKI = 108 RON
A similar kind of misconception occurs when people think that the UK has more fuel efficient vehicles because they get more miles or kilometers per gallon. The truth is that the US gallon is 128 fluid ounces and the UK it is 160 fluid ounces, and the vehicles generally have equivalent fuel economy.
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