Milk scalds at 180F/82C. In a closed kettle, you’ll have more trouble tracking it to ensure it doesn’t boil over. If it goes over 212F/100C, the lactose proteins are ruined and the milk will get a brown film and a bad smell/taste.
Electric kettles tend to have itty bitty crevices. They can’t be submerged in water for cleaning, so a non-water liquid isn’t good for food safety.
Milk contains proteins. And just like eggs and flour which also contain a lot of protein, milk coagulates into a solid if you heat it up too much. The problem with heating milk in a kettle is that a kettle gets very hot on the bottom. This is no problem for water as it can easily handle the heat and will just distribute it throughout the water. However if you have milk in the kettle the milk in the bottom will coagulate due to the heat and stick to the bottom.
If you want to heat up milk you have to make sure to heat it up evenly either by turning down the heat, use something to distribute the heat better then the milk or make sure you constantly stir the milk. A microwave is optimal for this because it uses the liquid itself as a heating element but it is possible to heat up milk using almost any heat source if you are careful enough.
Found this out the hard way and accidentally turned my kettle into a milk bomb
There are electric milk “steamers” that heat to a lower temperature more appropriate for milk and have a stir bar to prevent the milk at the bottom from scalding before it heats through. Most if them are designed to whip air in to make foam for a latte but some can be set to produce little to no foam if you don’t want it.
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