Why most languages use special names for the numbers 11 to 19?

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For example, some languages follow the same rule regardless if its in 10s or 20s:

Japanese | Chinese |
Juu-ni | Shi er | twelve
Ni-juu-ni | Er shi er | twenty two

But other languages such as:

English | French | Romanian | Icelandic | German | Philipino |

Twelve | douze | doisprezece (two towards ten wtf) | tólf | zwölf | labindalawa
Twenty two | vingt-deux | Douăzeci și doi (two tens and two) | tuttugu og tveir | zweiundzwanzig (two and twenty) | dalawampu’t dalawa

Initially I thought it was an european thing but not even koreans do it like japanese or chinese people, so why is that?

In: 38

7 Answers

Anonymous 0 Comments

It’s a relic of older number systems.

Today, most people tend to think of all number systems as base-10; but that’s not the case. French counting is still practically in base-20; while English has a lot of relics of a base-12 system (including the counting units “dozen” and “Gross”, for 12 and 12*12). On the other hand, Chinese and Japanese have always been base-10; so they don’t have the same relic-words from an older number system.

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