Does the body not clear drugs like caffeine at a constant rate? If you drink less caffeine does the body clear it less quickly? Or am I not understanding it? Caffeine half life is about 5 hours (via Google), so regardless of if I drink 100mg or 900mg of caffeine, half (50mg or 450mg) will be left in my body 5 hours later? That seems like a pretty drastic difference in the rate of clearance.
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The instantaneous clearance rate depends on the instantaneous concentration at any given point in time. The clearance rate decreases as the concentration decreases.
The half life is the time required to clear half of whatever amount is present.
If the starting concentration is 100, in one half-life the concentration will be 50, on another half life it will be 25, etc.
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