I think it has to do with how you interpret the trauma. Say a 4yo and a 20yo are traumatized in a similar fashion. The 20yo can use the reasoning they have developed to understand the bad/good. The 4yo has no such experience to deal with the trauma and interprets it differently.
The 4yo experiences are hardwired at the intellectual level of a 4yo. Their brain has made the connection with the negative experience and it remains as the 4yo interpreted.
Much easier to make sense of a violent car accident as an adult then as a child.
Sorry for rambling a bit but this is what I think.
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