Roman Numerals are not designed for performing mathematics, particularly not complex maths. So when the Arabic language found its way to European scholars, they were like “ooh, a much more convenient means of doing maths!”. And then it spread to East Asia, and they were like “ooh, a much more convenient means of doing maths!”. And as history progressed, the maths people wanted to do became more and more complicated, making the arabic system more and more convenient compared to the roman system.
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