DNA. What is it made of? How does it makes us what we are? How and why do we share the same DNA with animals, plants, fruits, etc. ?
In: Biology
Basicly, DNA acts like a blueprint for making things like protein, which in turn act as structures of cells or help the body do the chemical processes it needs to do to function.
Imagine DNA like a zipper. When it’s closed, it can’t be read, but it’s all twisted up which keeps it nice and small.
RNA Polymerase is a molecule that reads the DNA and translates it into information that other molecules can use to know how to make a protein and what protein to make.
Polymerase basicly is the thing that zips/unzips the zipper. But unlike a normal zipper, it takes in the 2 sides of DNA and has another outlet where new translations of the DNA come out, this way the DNA is saved so it can be read later.
The zipper goes up, opens the DNA as it goes and closes behind it as it moves up.
As it’s going, it matches 1 side of the DNA zipper with matching opposite nucleotides.
The extra strand this polymerase makes I RNA.
This RNA strand can be used for many things. It may be used to make proteins or it may be a transfer RNA molecule that helps build the protein using other structures like the ribosome to mediate them.
So after all the parts are made, you have some RNA strands that act as **instructions** and some small strands called *tRNA that act as carriers*. The tRNA carries peptides which is what proteins are made of.
These 2 parts enter the ribosome which connects the 2 in the right order by connectinf the sequence of instruction RNA to the matching tRNA, which then let’s go of it’s peptide to form a chain with the other peptides that other tRNA have left.
As you can see, the DNA contains the important information that other parts of your cells use to put together proteins and other building blocks of your body. It all gets put together to form larger and larger structures and to make the parts that do other things the cell needs to do.
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