DNA. What is it made of? How does it makes us what we are? How and why do we share the same DNA with animals, plants, fruits, etc. ?
In: Biology
Lots to unpack here.
DNA Stands for deoxribonucleic acids, it’s composed four molecules, Adenine, Guanine, Thymine and Cytosine. Arrangements of these molecules determines what protein is made, for example ACTGACTGA…. May encode for protein x while GCTGATCTA… may encode for protein y. The ordering of these base pairs are your genotype, when they are translated into protein you get your phenotype or basically the function purpose of that price of DNA, it does get really complicated with stuff like Exxon’s or introns and splicing regions and that the same dna can translate to different proteins because of splicing etc. but just keep it simple. DNA encodes proteins through its 4 molecules that I listed above. Each three bases encodes an amino acid, a chain of amino acid produces a peptide or a protein which is used for some cellular function, such an enzyme which metabolizes sugar.
How does this make us who we are?
Well everyone in the same species basically has basically indentical dna composition to keep it simple, there are slight difference causes certain differences, certain genes may have different alleles which are slight mutations in gene that perform the same function like with blood type or eye color.
How do we all share the same dna…
Well a current theory asserts we all derived from a common single felled ancestor so in many ways, every living thing in earth derived from a single organism with a single set of dna/rna and so we are all related. Obviously things have changed over time, thus is the theory of evolution.
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