For example, when we turn in a bike, we have to bend slightly inward for the centripetal force. However, considering there’s no concept of “ground” underwater, do submarines still have to bend inwards? If yes, is it for the same reason as bikes?
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The bike is tilted toward the center of the turn in order to generate force from the ground to push the bike into actually turning.
A sub (any boat, actually) cannot do this because there’s no solid connection between it and the ground. Instead, it uses rudders and it’s own shape to skid sideways, which generates the necessary reaction force from the water, to push the boat into the turn.
A car in a drifting or sliding turn is doing a similar thing.
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