Null anything you write vanishes – used when you don’t want to record or look at the result of a command.
Zero produces binary zeroes – use it to erase files.
Random produces random binary numbers, attempting to produce high quality output, so reads can be slow.
Urandom produces fast random numbers.
Edit: use them by shell redirection, or with ‘dd’ and ‘cat’. dd count=512 if=/dev/zero of=/filefullofzeroes
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