[ELI5] How do flying/floating objects ground their electronics?

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How do Submarines, Planes, Ships, Spaceships, etc. Ground their electrical systems to prevent their entire surface from becoming an electrical hazard?

In: Engineering

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Electronics and electrical systems in airplanes are grounded via the aircraft’s exterior body. Practically all commercial airplanes are manufactured with a conductive body, such as aluminum. When an electrical phenomenon occurs that results in excess electricity being produced, the extra electricity travels outside the aircraft to its body where it’s safely dissipated. Most airplanes are also designed with static dischargers or “static wicks” that release this excess electricity into the atmosphere.

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