Do siphons work only off of gravity or is there some other force keeping the liquids together to keep the flow moving?
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Gravity and air pressure.
If we have an upside-down U-shaped tube with water on one side, gravity will pull the water down and out.
If we have water on both sides, gravity will pull down on both sides, causing lower pressure at the top. If one side is shorter, the pressure of outside air will force liquid up that side because of the low pressure at the top.
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