First, **the corded phones are simple machines, powered by the signal in the phone line itself.** The phone system is basically a second set of power lines with a dedicated purpose. The sound is sent as vibrating electrical signal like a speaker or headphone cable. Other signals, like punching a number, is just a specific sound, that devices are tuned to respond to.
**As long as the phone company keeps their lines up and powered, it will keep operating**, entirely independent of the electric grid. The phone company often runs it’s own generation, since they require a fairly consistent supply and are already centralized so it’s much cheaper.
**If the power grid goes down due to supply/demand issues** (e.g. hot summer day overloaded by ACs, power plant failure, …), **the phone grid is liable to stay up** as it’s not as susceptible to this failure. If a tree falls on your neighborhood lines, however, it’ll take everything out together and you’ll be completely disconnected.
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