Functionally to be really pegged 1:1 the country would need to have an equal amount of dollars in their ‘account’. In reality this concept is applied fractionally like 1 dollar equals X local currency. And developing countries usually keep a large reserve of US dollars for this exact reason. Having a lot dollars make your own currency valuable it’s like gold because you know there’s always a demand for dollars
Context I worked in currency derivative desks and also this concept is complicated so this is dumbed down
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