eli5, In a battle, why being surrounded is such a disaster?

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It seems even if you had bigger numbers, if your army is attacked on multiple sides you lose. Cant soldiers push from a single point strongly to break it? I am thinking of a historic setting, no thecnologically advanced weapons.

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Anonymous 0 Comments

Interestingly, sun tzu says in art of war to never completely surround your enemy, always give them a break out direction because if they know they are trapped they will fight hard.

One of ceasars great victories in gaul, the battle of alesia, he was surrounding a town and then a relief army showed up and surrounded him. He built like a double fort, one side facing the town he was besieging and one facing the relief force.

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