I would imagine that it makes us averse to noises that damage our hearing and high-pitched noises are particularly high risk because, while low-pitched noises are more potentially damaging, they’re also much less common in nature. Also, it’s likely a side-effect of the way our ears evolved to be useful in OTHER ways. For instance, our ears and brains are quite tuned to the 1-4khz range, because that’s the natural speaking range where articulation of sounds happens for humans. Being tuned to that frequency in such a biased way likely caused side effects for other frequencies.
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