Medical plasma (not to be confused with physics plasma) is the carrier fluid in the blood. Blood cells can not travel on their own through the blood vessels.
Plasma replenishes itself quickly so humans can donate much more frequently than donating whole blood. Plasma is used in cases such as sever burns where the body is producing enough blood cells, but the fluid is being lost through the burned tissue.
The Plasma, besides being about 70% water, also carries an assortment of chemicals, proteins, fats and hormones.
When the doctor orders blood chemistry tests, it is the plasma that they separate out from the blood and tun the tests on. Whole blood is tested for things like cell counts of white cells (indicating an infection) red blood cells, haemoglobin, and complete blood count to compare the number of cells to each other.
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