Eli5: what is the difference between sympathy and empathy?

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People have tried explaining it to me before and I never really understood the difference. I’m hoping a simple explanation will help.

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Empathy is a term we use for the ability to understand other people’s feelings as if we were having them ourselves.

Empathy can also mean projecting our own feeling onto a work of art or another object.

Sympathy refers to the ability to take part in someone else’s feelings, mostly by feeling sorrowful about their misfortune.

Sympathy can also be used in relation to opinions and taste, like when you say that you have sympathy for a political cause.

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