I’ve tested it and it had electricity stored and started to change my phone for a second. How long does that electricity stay in, I’d it harmful for a charger or phone? I usually firstly unplug the
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Electricity from a power outlet is AC. It is a series of pulses of alternating polarity. The charger needs to supply DC to the phone, which means stable power at a particular voltage. The charger needs to smooth the incoming AC to high voltage DC, then convert it to high frequency pulses to reduce the voltage in a small transformer, and finally smooth it again to get low voltage DC for the phone.
This smoothing is done using capacitors. They hold an electrical charge, and that charge can supply the circuit for a short time. Capacitors themselves leak some charge and discharge by themselves. Also, the charger circuits they’re connected to will discharge capacitors. If a phone is connected to the charger, this will discharge them faster.
None of this is harmful. Without anything connected, it is just a redistribution of electrons within the charger. If the phone is connected, electrons also flow through it. The phone may get an unacceptably low voltage for a while as the capacitors discharge, but the phone is designed to be okay with that.
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