When building houses there will obviously be gaps between floors, windows and doors. But why do they just cover the gap with moulding and not seal it somehow? Isn’t that a really good place for insects to hide?
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At some point it probably was flush with no gap but houses move and wood expands and contracts with humidity etc. and the gaps form and the caulk cracks. A lot of time you will see something like quarter round used to cover the gap because it can be much more flexible and move with the materials.
You want a house to ventilate, to ‘breath’
Your bog standard European brick wall has a layer of air and you need to ventilate it, to allow moisture for instance to leave. At door and window connections it’s easy to leave some room for said ventilation.
So in short, it keeps heat in and helps keep cold out whilst also allowing moisture to leave the walls and avoid fungus
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