The body shunts blood to where it is needed. When you eat, the brain shunts more blood to the digestive system to cope with the absorption demand…hence why you’re tired and unwilling to move much after eating.
The opposite is true during exercise. Blood goes to muscles to supply with oxygen and glucose to allow intense exercise.
In addition, the body also has the reaction of “evacuation” where it wants to remove all unwanted and unnecessary weight which ends up in the form of throwing up and even defecation in extreme situations. As we have some control of our own body, we can feel sick without actually throwing up.
An extreme example I once watched was a (large) snake regurgitating a small deer so it could escape from the humans messing with it.
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