eli5 why do some metals can sustain cryogenic/low energy environment while some cannot?
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You’re gonna have to elaborate a little – what low-temperature property are you asking about here? You can cool any material to nearly 0K with enough effort. Some will go through a few weird phase changes and some won’t.
All metals *can* sustain a low temperature environment, if you design properly for it, some of them are just bad at it. Good cryogenic materials are not great heat conductors (so you don’t have to insulate as much), don’t get excessively brittle when cold (so they don’t get weak and crack/break), and have a low thermal expansion coefficient (don’t change size that much when they change temperature).
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