Its due to something called Libration, basically wiggling of the moon which lets us see around the normal edges
The moons rotational axis is tilted by about 7 degrees so this lets us see a bit more of it as it travels up and down during its orbit. The moon’s orbit is not a perfect circle so its rotation sometimes lags or leads its orbital position when its close/far away.
The result is [a wobbly moon that you can see over half of while mainly looking at just one side](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_450px.gif)
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