The refund process is incredibly manual and not really automated. First the merchant has to verify that the refund request is valid and that the refund destination is correct, then they notify the bank manually. The actual money transfer takes a few business days as well, because transfers happen in large batches to save costs, and these batches have to be manually reviewed for typos and potential fraud. If you run into a weekend or holiday, then you can easily take 10 total days for the entire process to complete.
Faster alternatives are available but they are either more expensive or more prone to fraud. For example, the merchant could just Zelle you the money back but that’s very prone to fraud. You could transfer the money in a smaller batch that can get sent out sooner, but that’s more expensive because you’re splitting the cost of manual review between a smaller number of transfers, so the per-transfer cost is higher than with a bigger batch.
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