There is a lot of wiring inside the passenger compartment. Every switch, light, speaker, pedal, air bag, belt tensioner has wiring associated with it.
If everything was run internally, you would need far more holes in the body to connect to external sensors and actuators, all of which could be sources of water leaks and ways for road noise to get into the passenger compartment. Also internal wiring can be a source of squeaks and rattles which also makes riding in the car less pleasant.
A huge amount of time goes into designing the routing of vehicle wiring looms. None of it happens by chance. Engine compartment wiring is particularly difficult. Not only do you have to keep it away from things that will melt it, you have to give the wires enough slack that they aren’t broken as the engine moves relative to the body, but but so long that they catch on anything.
Much of a car’s wiring is either under the hood or inside the front dash. The only wiring that goes beyond those two points would be for tail lights, speakers, your cab light, maybe door sensors and electric door locks and windows, and the trunk.
It makes much more sense to run the wires through the body pieces of the car since most of those devices the connections are not in the cab of the car but in the body. For example, the switches and motor for the windows are embedded in the door. So the wiring goes from the body to the inside of the door. The tail lights are inside the body of the car, so it makes sense that’s where the wiring is also. In fact, I can’t even think of anything that does run through the body of the car except the cab light.
So why would we run all those wires that are to devices that are mounted to the body parts of the car, inside the cab? The body protects it from most of the elements (except temperature)
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